California

“Mechanical restraint” means the use of a device or equipment to restrict a pupil’s freedom of movement. (2) (A) “Mechanical restraint” does not include the use of devices by peace officers or security personnel for detention or for public safety purposes. (B) “Mechanical restraint” does not include the use of devices by trained school personnel, or by a pupil, prescribed by an appropriate medical or related services professional, if the device is used for the specific and approved purpose for which the device or equipment was prescribed, which shall include, but not be limited to, all of the following: (i) Adaptive devices or mechanical supports used to achieve proper body position, balance, or alignment to allow greater freedom of mobility than would be possible without the use of such devices or mechanical supports. (ii) Vehicle safety restraints when used as intended during the transport of a pupil in a moving vehicle. (iii) Restraints for medical immobilization. (iv) Orthopedically prescribed devices that permit a pupil to participate in activities without risk of harm.

“Physical restraint” means a personal restriction that immobilizes or reduces the ability of a pupil to move the pupil’s torso, arms, legs, or head freely. “Physical restraint” does not include a physical escort, which means a temporary touching or holding of the hand, wrist, arm, shoulder, or back for the purpose of inducing a pupil who is acting out to walk to a safe location. (2) “Physical restraint” does not include the use of force by peace officers or security personnel for detention or for public safety purposes.

Not defined in seclusion and restraint law, but it is mentioned conceptually in section 49005.2 which states that “A pupil has the right to be from”...”the use of a drug administered to the pupil in order to control the pupil’s behavior or restrict the pupil’s freedom of movement, if that drug is not a standard treatment for the pupil’s medical or psychiatric condition.

Listed within the seclusion definition - “Seclusion” does not include a timeout, which is a behavior management technique that is part of an approved program, that involves the monitored separation of the pupil in a nonlocked setting, and is implemented for the purpose of calming.

“Seclusion” means the involuntary confinement of a pupil alone in a room or area from which the pupil is physically prevented from leaving. “Seclusion” does not include a timeout, which is a behavior management technique that is part of an approved program, that involves the monitored separation of the pupil in a nonlocked setting, and is implemented for the purpose of calming.

“Corporal punishment” means the willful infliction of, or willfully causing the infliction of, physical pain on a pupil. An amount of force that is reasonable and necessary for a person employed by or engaged in a public school to quell a disturbance threatening physical injury to persons or damage to property, for purposes of self-defense, or to obtain possession of weapons or other dangerous objects within the control of the pupil, is not and shall not be construed to be corporal punishment within the meaning and intent of this section. Physical pain or discomfort caused by athletic competition or other such recreational activity, voluntarily engaged in by the pupil, is not and shall not be construed to be corporal punishment within the meaning and intent of this section.

No

An educational provider shall avoid, whenever possible, the use of seclusion or behavioral restraint techniques. (a) An educational provider shall not do any of the following: (3) Use a physical restraint technique that obstructs a pupil’s respiratory airway or impairs the pupil’s breathing or respiratory capacity, including techniques in which a staff member places pressure on a pupil’s back or places the staff member’s body weight against the pupil’s torso or back. (4) Use a behavioral restraint technique that restricts breathing, including, but not limited to, using a pillow, blanket, carpet, mat, or other item to cover a pupil’s face. (5) Use prone restraint. (6) Use a behavioral restraint for longer than is necessary to contain the behavior that poses a clear and present danger of serious physical harm to the pupil or others.

An educational provider shall avoid, whenever possible, the use of seclusion or behavioral restraint techniques.

Not allowed unless standard treatment for the student’s medical or psychiatric condition

An educational provider shall not do any of the following: (1) Use seclusion or a behavioral restraint for the purpose of coercion, discipline, convenience, or retaliation. (2) Use locked seclusion, unless it is in a facility otherwise licensed or permitted by state law to use a locked room. (b) An educational provider shall keep constant, direct observation of a pupil who is in seclusion, which may be through observation of the pupil through a window, or another barrier, through which the educational provider is able to make direct eye contact with the pupil. The observation required pursuant to this subdivision shall not be through indirect means, including through a security camera or a closed-circuit television. (c) An educational provider shall afford to pupils who are restrained the least restrictive alternative and the maximum freedom of movement, and shall use the least number of restraint points, while ensuring the physical safety of the pupil and others.

Not allowed. No person employed by or engaged in a public school shall inflict, or cause to be inflicted corporal punishment upon a pupil

Not mentioned in the law - there are criteria for seclusion, but time out is not considered seclusion

Not mentioned in the law

Not mentioned in the law

The report required pursuant to subdivision (a) shall include all of the following information, disaggregated by race or ethnicity, and gender: (1) The number of pupils subjected to mechanical restraint, with separate counts for pupils 504, IEP, and non-504-IEP (2) The number of pupils subjected to physical restraint, with separate counts for pupils 504, IEP, and non-504/IEP (3) The number of pupils subjected to seclusion, with separate counts for pupils 504, IEP, and non-504/IEP (4) The number of times mechanical restraint was used on pupils, with separate counts for pupils 504, IEP, and non-504/IEP (5) The number of times physical restraint was used on pupils, with separate counts for pupils 504, IEP, and non-504/IEP (6) The number of times seclusion was used on pupils, with separate counts for pupils 504, IEP, and non-504/IEP.

Reporting is required when seclusion or restraint are used. Reporting is required within 3 months after the end of the school year

LEAs (districts, county offices of education, and charter schools) must annually collect data on every incident in which a student is mechanically restrained, physically restrained, or secluded, as defined in Education Code sections 49005–49006.4.

No later than three months after the end of a school year

https://www.cde.ca.gov/ds/ad/filesrsd.asp

All pupils, including individuals with exceptional needs. The reporting section lists A local educational agency that meets the definition of a “local educational agency”.

Training is not mentioned in the law